Ampicillin

Susceptible bacterial infections in horses, foals, and small animals; intrauterine/packing formulations for equine endometritis; septicemia, respiratory, and urinary tract infections. Aminopenicillin antibiotic. Mechanism: binds PBPs inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis (bactericidal). Broader spectrum than penicillin G (includes gram-negative coverage). Acid-stable oral form; parenteral form for IV use. Inactivated by beta-lactamases. Key information Store reconstituted solution refrigerated; use within 1 hour at room temp. Do not use in rabbits or hindgut fermenters. Reconstitute with Sterile Water for Injection only. Incompatible with aminoglycosides in same syringe.

Oral: Administer orally. May be given with food to improve compliance and reduce GI upset. Administer on an empty stomach for optimal absorption. (food reduces absorption). Injectable: IV (dilute in compatible solution, infuse over 15–30 min) or IM. Store at room temperature; protect from light. for reconstituted solution — use within 1 hr of reconstitution. If a dose is missed Administer as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume the normal schedule. Never double up doses to make up for a missed one. Complete the full antibiotic course.

GI: vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia. Hypersensitivity reactions (cross-reactive with amoxicillin). Superinfection. Phlebitis (IV). Small herbivores: fatal antibiotic-associated colitis — do not use in rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters.

For animals Contraindicated in beta-lactam-hypersensitive patients. CONTRAINDICATED in small herbivores (rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, gerbils) — fatal antibiotic-associated enterocolitis. Inactivated by beta-lactamases — limit to susceptible organisms. For people handling this medication Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling. Avoid contact with eyes; if contact occurs, flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention. Keep out of reach of children. If accidental ingestion occurs, contact Poison Control (1-800-222-1222). Penicillin-class — inform your doctor if you have penicillin allergy. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling.

Contact your veterinarian. Penicillin overdose typically causes GI signs; serious toxicity is rare.