Cyclosporine Sol Modified

Immunosuppressive therapy for atopic dermatitis, immune-mediated diseases, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, and organ transplantation in dogs and cats. Calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressant (cyclosporine A). Mechanism: binds cyclophilin → cyclosporine-cyclophilin complex inhibits calcineurin → prevents dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NFAT → suppresses IL-2 transcription → T-lymphocyte inhibition. Also inhibits mast cell and eosinophil activation. Highly lipophilic; variable oral bioavailability; CYP3A4 metabolized. Key information Refrigerate oral solution; do not freeze. Modified formulation (Atopica) has better bioavailability. Administer consistently — always with or always without food. Grapefruit juice significantly increases blood levels. Numerous drug interactions. Nephrotoxic — monitor renal function. Do not use in animals with neoplasia.

Oral capsules or solution: Administer orally. May be given with food to improve compliance and reduce GI upset. Administer on an empty stomach for optimal absorption. for most consistent absorption (or consistently with food — choose one and maintain). Measure oral solution carefully; mix with food if palatability is poor. Ophthalmic ointment (Optimmune): apply pea-sized amount to lower conjunctival sac q12h. Store refrigerated (2–8°C); do not freeze. (solution/ophthalmic); Store at room temperature; protect from light. (capsules). If a dose is missed Administer as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume the normal schedule. Never double up doses to make up for a missed one. Administer consistently — always with or always without food. Do not double doses.

GI: vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia (common — usually improves over time). Gingival hyperplasia. Papillomatosis (viral warts). Opportunistic infections (bacterial, fungal, viral — especially Toxoplasma in cats). Nephrotoxicity (monitor renal function with systemic use). Lymphoma risk (long-term). Hypertrichosis. Hepatotoxicity.

For animals Monitor trough blood cyclosporine levels (target varies by indication). Monitor renal function, hydration status, and urine output. Monitor liver enzymes with prolonged use. Avoid live vaccines during therapy. Numerous drug interactions (CYP3A4 substrate and inhibitor): ketoconazole, fluconazole, diltiazem increase levels; rifampin, phenobarbital decrease levels. Avoid in pregnant animals. Grapefruit juice increases absorption. For people handling this medication Wear gloves when handling. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling. Immunosuppressant — wear gloves when handling. Avoid skin contact with solution or capsule contents. Keep out of reach of children. Pregnant women and women of childbearing age should avoid contact. Teratogenic potential. Immunocompromised persons should take extra precautions. Keep out of reach of children.

Contact your veterinarian. Cyclosporine overdose causes GI signs, kidney damage, and immunosuppression. Monitor kidney function. Contact your veterinarian, a veterinary emergency clinic, or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (888-426-4435) immediately. Do not induce vomiting unless specifically directed by a veterinary professional.