Gentamicin Sulfate

Aminoglycoside for serious gram-negative bacterial infections; ophthalmic formulations for conjunctivitis and corneal ulcers; intrauterine infusion for equine endometritis. Aminoglycoside antibiotic (gentamicin sulfate). Mechanism: 30S ribosomal subunit binding → mRNA misreading → bactericidal inhibition of protein synthesis. Concentration-dependent killing; once-daily dosing preferred to maximize peak:MIC ratio. Active against aerobic gram-negatives; synergistic with penicillins against gram-positives. Nephrotoxic; monitor renal function. Key information Nephrotoxic and ototoxic. Once-daily dosing preferred. Monitor BUN/creatinine. Ensure adequate hydration. Do not mix with penicillins in same syringe. Intra-articular use: use only sterile preservative-free solution. Therapeutic drug monitoring for prolonged use.

IV: dilute in 0.9% NaCl or D5W; infuse over 30–60 min. IM: inject deep into large muscle mass. Intrauterine (mares): dilute in sterile saline (50–200 mL); infuse via sterile catheter. Regional limb perfusion: dilute in sterile saline; apply tourniquet before IV infusion into distal limb vein. Ophthalmic/otic: apply as directed; verify TM integrity before otic use. Once-daily IV dosing preferred. Store at room temperature; protect from light. If a dose is missed This medication is administered by a veterinarian or veterinary staff in a clinical setting. Missed doses are managed by your veterinary team — contact your veterinarian to reschedule.

Nephrotoxicity (most common serious adverse effect — monitor renal function and urine sediment). Ototoxicity (vestibular first then cochlear — irreversible with prolonged exposure). Neuromuscular blockade. Injection site pain/swelling. Hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia. Ototoxic if instilled with ruptured tympanum.

For animals Aminoglycoside — Monitor renal function, hydration status, and urine output. Ensure adequate hydration at all times. Avoid concurrent NSAIDs, furosemide (additive nephrotoxicity). Once-daily dosing preferred (concentration-dependent killing; reduced nephrotoxicity vs. multiple daily doses). Monitor urine sediment (casts = early renal toxicity). Neonates and foals: immature renal function — lower doses, longer intervals, close monitoring. Ototoxic — verify tympanic membrane integrity for otic use. For people handling this medication Wear gloves when handling. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling. Aminoglycoside — ototoxic: avoid contact with ears. Avoid skin contact with concentrated solutions. Wear gloves when preparing or administering. Avoid contact with eyes; if contact occurs, flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention.

Contact your veterinarian immediately. Gentamicin overdose causes acute kidney failure and irreversible hearing loss. IV fluid support required urgently. Medical emergency.