Sodium Chloride

IV isotonic or hypertonic saline for fluid therapy, electrolyte replacement, hyponatremia, and hypovolemia. Isotonic (0.9%) or hypertonic sodium chloride solution. Mechanism: isotonic (0.9%) NaCl replaces extracellular fluid deficits — distributes equally between intravascular and interstitial compartments. Hypertonic (7.2–7.5%): rapid osmotic draw of intracellular water into vasculature → plasma volume expansion (3–4× volume administered). Slightly hyperchloremic — monitor for dilutional acidosis with large volumes. Key information Isotonic (0.9%) or hypertonic saline. Hypertonic (7.2–7.5%): for acute hypotension/volume replacement in horses — administer 1–2 L IV over 15–20 min with follow-up crystalloids. Check concentration before use. Single-use bag/bottle.

0.9% NaCl (IV): administer via IV catheter at appropriate rate. Hypertonic saline (7.2–7.5%): administer via large-bore IV catheter or jugular catheter slowly over 3–5 min (horses); follow immediately with isotonic crystalloids. Store at room temperature; protect from light. If a dose is missed This medication is administered by a veterinarian or veterinary staff in a clinical setting. Missed doses are managed by your veterinary team — contact your veterinarian to reschedule.

Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis (large volumes of 0.9% NaCl). Volume overload, pulmonary edema. Hypertonic saline: local vessel irritation, hemolysis with perivascular administration. Rapid infusion of hypertonic saline: cerebral edema risk (if given after fluid equilibration). Hypernatremia.

For animals 0.9% NaCl: large volumes → hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis — monitor pH and chloride. Hypertonic saline: use in large-bore catheter/jugular vein; follow immediately with isotonic crystalloids. For people handling this medication Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling. Avoid contact with eyes; if contact occurs, flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention. Keep out of reach of children. If accidental ingestion occurs, contact Poison Control (1-800-222-1222). Saline — generally safe. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling. Hypertonic saline: IV administration by veterinary staff only.

IV fluid errors are managed by veterinary staff. Hypertonic saline overdose causes hypernatremia, seizures, and cardiovascular compromise. Contact your veterinarian immediately.