Theophylline Er

Methylxanthine bronchodilator for recurrent airway obstruction and bronchospasm in horses, dogs, and cats. Methylxanthine bronchodilator (theophylline). Mechanism: inhibits phosphodiesterase III and IV → increased intracellular cAMP → smooth muscle relaxation, bronchodilation; also adenosine receptor antagonist; stimulates respiratory center (increases minute ventilation). Extended-release preparations for once or twice daily dosing. Narrow therapeutic index; monitor serum levels. Key information Bronchodilator — narrow therapeutic index. Monitor for toxicity (tachycardia, vomiting, seizures). Many drug interactions (erythromycin, fluoroquinolones increase levels). Extended-release: do not crush. Store at room temperature.

Oral extended-release tablets: Administer orally. May be given with food to improve compliance and reduce GI upset. Administer with food to reduce GI adverse effects. Do not crush extended-release formulations. Administer at consistent times. Monitor serum levels. Store at room temperature; protect from light. If a dose is missed Administer as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume the normal schedule. Never double up doses to make up for a missed one. Theophylline has a narrow therapeutic index — do not exceed the prescribed dose.

Narrow therapeutic index. GI: vomiting, nausea, anorexia. CNS: tremors, nervousness, seizures (toxicity). Cardiovascular: tachycardia, arrhythmias, hypotension. Horses: restlessness, sweating, excitability, tachycardia. Monitor serum levels.

For animals Narrow therapeutic index — monitor serum levels. Drug interactions: erythromycin, fluoroquinolones, cimetidine increase levels; rifampin, phenobarbital decrease levels. Use with caution in hepatic impairment. Cats: metabolize more slowly — use theophylline-specific feline doses. Monitor heart rate and rhythm. For people handling this medication Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling. Avoid contact with eyes; if contact occurs, flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention. Keep out of reach of children. If accidental ingestion occurs, contact Poison Control (1-800-222-1222). Methylxanthine — keep away from children (seizures, arrhythmias with overdose). Store securely. Contact Poison Control if ingested.

Contact your veterinarian or emergency clinic immediately. Theophylline overdose causes vomiting, rapid heart rate, tremors, and seizures. This is a medical emergency requiring intensive monitoring. Contact your veterinarian, a veterinary emergency clinic, or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (888-426-4435) immediately. Do not induce vomiting unless specifically directed by a veterinary professional.