Vancomycin

Glycopeptide antibiotic of last resort for MRSA and multidrug-resistant gram-positive infections. Glycopeptide antibiotic (vancomycin HCl). Mechanism: binds D-Ala-D-Ala terminus of peptidoglycan precursor (lipid II) → inhibits transglycosylation and transpeptidation → blocks cell wall synthesis (bactericidal against gram-positives). Not active against gram-negatives (cannot penetrate outer membrane). IV administration; highly nephrotoxic and ototoxic. Reserved for MRSA and VRE infections. Key information Glycopeptide — reserve antibiotic for MRSA/resistant gram-positive infections. IV infusion over 60–90 min — rapid infusion causes "Red Man Syndrome." Nephrotoxic — monitor renal function. Refrigerate reconstituted solution. Therapeutic drug monitoring (trough levels).

IV only: dilute in 0.9% NaCl or D5W (final concentration ≤5 mg/mL); infuse over ≥60 min to prevent 'Red Man Syndrome'. Do not give as rapid IV push. Use immediately after reconstitution or within 24 hrs if refrigerated. Store refrigerated (2–8°C); do not freeze. (reconstituted). If a dose is missed This medication is administered by a veterinarian or veterinary staff in a clinical setting. Missed doses are managed by your veterinary team — contact your veterinarian to reschedule.

Nephrotoxicity (dose-dependent, cumulative — monitor renal function and trough levels). Ototoxicity (vestibular and cochlear). 'Red man syndrome' (non-immune histamine release with rapid IV infusion — flushing, erythema, hypotension; prevent by slow infusion over ≥60 min). Thrombophlebitis (IV). Neutropenia (prolonged use).

For animals Monitor renal function, hydration status, and urine output. Monitor trough vancomycin levels. Administer IV slowly over ≥60 min — rapid infusion causes 'Red Man Syndrome' (histamine release, hypotension, flushing). Avoid concurrent nephrotoxic drugs. Reserve for MRSA and VRE infections. For people handling this medication Wear gloves when handling. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling. Glycopeptide antibiotic — ototoxic and nephrotoxic; avoid skin contact with injectable. Rapid IV infusion causes 'Red Man Syndrome' — administered by veterinary staff only. Avoid contact with eyes; if contact occurs, flush with water for 15 minutes and seek medical attention.

Contact your veterinarian immediately. Vancomycin overdose causes kidney failure and hearing loss. IV fluid support and possible dialysis may be required.